KANJI GUIDE
Clear and cheerful, of a voice or a person. 明朗 is bright and open; 朗読 is reading aloud.
A leaf. 言葉, the word for language, is literally leaves of speech.
The sky, and heaven with it. 天国 is paradise; 天気 is the weather.
The capital, and any big city. 東京都 is the Tokyo Metropolis; 都合 is how your circumstances stand.